Task n°01:
a- Put « True » or « False» and correct the false one :
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1-Language is a set of signs only. |
False |
language as a formal system of signs governed by grammatical rules of combination to communicate meaning. |
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2- Language is meant for communication. |
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3- Human Language has the same components of other creatures’ languages. |
False |
Human Language has not the same components of other creatures’ languages. |
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4-Human language develops. |
True |
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5- Animal language is dual. |
False |
Animal language is not dual besides that Researchers say that animals, non-humans, do not have a true language like humans. However they do communicate with each other through sounds and gestures. |
b- Definitions of the following concepts are mixed up except one, rearrange them accordingly.
a- Definitions of the following concepts are mixed up except one, rearrange them accordingly.
· Arbitrariness: Language is passed from one language user to the next, consciously or unconsciously.
ð Arbitrariness: There is not necessarily a rational relationship between a sound or sign and its meaning, i.e., symbolism. (There is nothing intrinsically “housy” about the word “house”.
· Cultural transmission: There is not necessarily a rational relationship between a sound or sign and its meaning, i.e., symbolism. (There is nothing intrinsically “housy” about the word “house
ð Cultural transmission: Language is passed from one language user to the next, consciously or unconsciously..
· Discreteness: Languages can be used to communicate ideas about things that are not in the immediate vicinity either spatially or temporally, or both.
ð Discreteness : Language is composed of discrete units that are used in combination to create meaning
· Displacement: Language is composed of discrete units that are used in combination to create meaning.
ð Displacement : Languages can be used to communicate ideas about things that are not in the immediate vicinity either spatially or temporally, or both.
· Duality: Ability to discuss language itself
ð Duality : A finite number of units can be used to create an indefinitely large number of utterances.
· Metalinguistics:. Language works on two levels at once, a surface level and a semantic (meaningful)
level.
ð Metalinguitics : correct.
· Productivity: A finite number of units can be used to create an indefinitely large number of utterances.
ð Productivity : Ability to discuss language itself
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Task n°02:
Match concepts and their correspondent definitions
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1-knowledge |
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A)- any splitting of a whole into exactly two non-overlapping parts. |
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2-science |
B)-part of Language which ‘is not complete in any individual, but exists only in the collectivity. |
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3- linguistics |
C)-vertical substitional relations between items. |
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4-langue |
D)-concrete realization of the language system |
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5-signifier |
E)-the scientific study of language. |
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6-parole |
F)-studying the language as it is (or was) at any particular point in time |
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7-structuralism |
G)-linear horizontal combinatorial relations between items. |
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8-diachronic |
H)-studying the language through time. |
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9-synchronic |
I)-a stock of experiences at the reach of every human being. |
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10- dichotomy |
K)-a sound side and a meaning side |
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11-paradigmatic |
L)-A methodological specific part of knowledge that has a subject of study. |
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12-syntagmatic |
M)-The study of relations that exist between language items. |
(Concept, definition) →
(1, I), (2, L), (3, E), (4, D), (5, K), (6, B), (7, M), (8, H), (9, F), (10, A), (11, C), (12, G).
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